CapitalSuva (on Viti Levu)
Population951,611
Area18,274 km²
GDP per capita$14,100
LanguagesEnglish , iTaukei , Fiji Hindi
CurrencyFijian dollars
Life Expectancy74.8 yr
Governmenta parliamentary republic
Introduction
Background
Austronesians settled Fiji around 1000 B.C., followed by successive waves of Melanesians starting around the first century A.D. Fijians traded with Polynesian groups in Samoa and Tonga, and by about 900, much of Fiji was in the Tu’i Tongan Empire’s sphere of influence. The Tongan influence declined significantly by 1200, while Melanesian seafarers continued to periodically arrive in Fiji, further mixing Melanesian and Polynesian cultural traditions. The first European spotted Fiji in 1643 and by the 1800s, European merchants, missionaries, traders, and whalers frequented the islands. Rival kings and chiefs competed for power, at times aided by Europeans, and in 1865, Seru Epenisa CAKOBAU united many groups into the Confederacy of Independent Kingdoms of Viti. The arrangement proved weak, however, and in 1871 CAKOBAU formed the Kingdom of Fiji in an attempt to centralize power. Fearing a hostile takeover by a foreign power as the kingdom’s economy began to falter, CAKOBAU ceded Fiji to the UK in 1874.
The first British governor set up a plantation-style economy and brought in more than 60,000 Indians as indentured laborers, most of whom chose to stay in Fiji rather than return to India when their contracts expired. In the early 1900s, society was divided along ethnic lines, with iTaukei (indigenous Fijians), Europeans, and Indo-Fijians living in separate areas and maintaining their own languages and traditions. ITaukei fears of an Indo-Fijian takeover of government delayed independence through the 1960s; Fiji achieved independence in 1970 with agreements to allocate parliamentary seats by ethnic groups. After two coups in 1987, a new constitution in 1990 cemented iTaukei control of politics, leading thousands of Indo-Fijians to leave. A reformed constitution in 1997 was more equitable and led to the election of an Indo-Fijian prime minister in 1999, who was ousted in a coup the following year. In 2005, the new prime minister put forward a bill that would grant pardons to the coup perpetrators, leading Josaia Voreqe "Frank" BAINIMARAMA to launch a coup in 2006. BAINIMARAMA appointed himself prime minister in 2007 and retained the position after elections in 2014 and 2018 that international observers deemed credible. BAINIMARAMA's party lost control of the prime minister position after elections in 2022 with former opposition leader Sitiveni Ligamamada RABUKA winning the office by a narrow margin.
Geography
Area
land
18,274 sq km
water
0 sq km
total
18,274 sq km
Climate
tropical marine; exhibits only minor seasonal temperature fluctuations
Terrain
predominantly mountainous with volcanic origins
Land use
other
21.2% (2023 est.)
forest
61.7% (2023 est.)
agricultural land
17.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 4.2% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 3.4% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 9.5% (2023 est.)
Location
Oceania, an archipelago situated in the South Pacific Ocean, roughly two-thirds of the distance from Hawaii to New Zealand
Coastline
1,129 km
Elevation
lowest point
Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point
Tomanivi 1,324 m
Irrigated land
40 sq km (2012)
Map references
Oceania
Land boundaries
total
0 km
Maritime claims
contiguous zone
24 nm
territorial sea
12 nm
continental shelf
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
exclusive economic zone
200 nm
Natural hazards
cyclonic storms may occur between November and January
Geography - note
comprises 332 islands, about 110 of which are populated, along with over 500 islets
Natural resources
timber, fish, gold, copper, potential for offshore oil, hydropower
Area - comparative
slightly less extensive than New Jersey
Geographic coordinates
18 00 S, 175 00 E
Population distribution
around 70% of the populace resides on the island of Viti Levu; approximately half of the inhabitants live in urban regions
People & Society
Literacy
female
92.4% (2021 est.)
Languages
English (official), iTaukei (official), Fiji Hindi (official)
Religions
Protestant 45% (Methodist 34.6%, Assembly of God 5.7%, Seventh Day Adventist 3.9%, and Anglican 0.8%), Hindu 27.9%, other Christian 10.4%, Roman Catholic 9.1%, Muslim 6.3%, Sikh 0.3%, other 0.3%, none 0.8% (2007 est.)
Sex ratio
at birth
1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years
1.05 male(s)/female
total population
1.03 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
0.86 male(s)/female
Birth rate
15.63 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
6.58 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median age
male
31.4 years
total
32 years (2025 est.)
female
31.8 years
Population
male
482,304
total
951,611 (2024 est.)
female
469,307
Nationality
noun
Fijian(s)
adjective
Fijian
Tobacco use
male
40.8% (2025 est.)
total
26.8% (2025 est.)
female
12.9% (2025 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
58.7% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
1.37% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
24.7% (male 119,910/female 114,904)
15-64 years
66.4% (male 323,339/female 308,921)
65 years and over
8.9% (2024 est.) (male 39,055/female 45,482)
Ethnic groups
iTaukei 56.8% (largely Melanesian with a Polynesian influence), Indo-Fijian 37.5%, Rotuman 1.2%, other 4.5% (European, part European, various Pacific Islanders, Chinese) (2007 estimate)
Child marriage
men married by age 18
1.7% (2021)
women married by age 15
0.2% (2021)
women married by age 18
4% (2021)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio
50.5 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio
37.1 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio
7.5 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio
13.4 (2024 est.)
Physician density
0.81 physicians/1,000 population (2015)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
5.4% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
10.3% of national budget (2022 est.)
Net migration rate
-5.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Hospital bed density
1.9 beds/1,000 population (2017 est.)
Total fertility rate
2.18 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: rural
rural: 91.1% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 95.5% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 98.7% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 8.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 4.5% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 1.3% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% GDP)
4.2% of GDP (2023 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
13.8% national budget (2025 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male
11.1 deaths/1,000 live births
total
9.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
female
8.1 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
0.38% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
1.06 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
around 70% of the populace resides on the island of Viti Levu; approximately half of the population is located in urban regions
Life expectancy at birth
male
72.2 years
female
77.6 years
total population
74.8 years (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
30 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: rural
rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
beer
1.64 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine
0.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
total
2.71 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits
0.79 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols
0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Major urban areas - population
178,000 SUVA (capital) (2018)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
30.2% (2016)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
59.2% (2021 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
4.6% (2021 est.)
Environment
Climate
tropical marine; exhibits minimal seasonal temperature fluctuations
Land use
other
21.2% (2023 est.)
forest
61.7% (2023 est.)
agricultural land
17.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 4.2% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 3.4% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 9.5% (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
58.7% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
1.37% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually
189,400 tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled
16.1% (2022 est.)
Environmental issues
air pollution resulting from vehicle emissions and waste incineration; deforestation and erosion of soil; soil degradation due to land clearing via bush burning
Total water withdrawal
municipal
25.3 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
industrial
9.6 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
agricultural
50 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions
total emissions
1.432 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from coal and metallurgical coke
12 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids
1.432 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Particulate matter emissions
8.1 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Total renewable water resources
28.55 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
International environmental agreements
party to
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified
none of the selected agreements
Government
Flag
description: the flag features a light blue background with the UK flag positioned in the upper-left quadrant, while the right half displays the Fijian shield, which features a yellow lion holding a coconut over a white field that is quartered by the cross of Saint George; the four quarters illustrate sugarcane, a palm tree, a bunch of bananas, and a white dove.
meaning: the blue represents the Pacific Ocean.
Capital
name
Suva (on Viti Levu)
etymology
the name means "little hill" in the native Fijian language and may refer to a mound where a temple once stood
time difference
UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
geographic coordinates
18 08 S, 178 25 E
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Citizenship
citizenship by birth
no
citizenship by descent only
at least one parent must be a citizen of Fiji
dual citizenship recognized
yes
residency requirement for naturalization
at least 5 years residency out of the 10 years preceding application
Constitution
history
multiple prior versions; the most recent was enacted on 6 September 2013
amendment process
introduced as a bill by Parliament and backed by at least three-quarters of its members, after which it is sent to the president and subsequently to the Electoral Commission, which oversees a referendum; for passage, it requires the approval of at least three-quarters of registered voters and the president's assent.
Country name
etymology
the indigenous Fijians referred to their land as Viti, while the nearby Tongans called it Fisi; through the Anglicized version of the Tongan pronunciation, as popularized by the explorer Captain James COOK, it became known as Fiji.
local long form
Republic of Fiji (English)/ Matanitu ko Viti (Fijian)
local short form
Fiji (English)/ Viti (Fijian)
conventional long form
Republic of Fiji
conventional short form
Fiji
Independence
10 October 1970 (from the UK)
Legal system
a legal system founded on common law principles derived from the English model
Government type
a parliamentary republic
Judicial branch
highest court(s)
Supreme Court (comprises the chief justice, all justices of the Court of Appeal, and judges specifically appointed as Supreme Court judges); Court of Appeal (includes the court president, all puisne judges from the High Court, and judges appointed to the Court of Appeal); High Court (led by the chief justice, with a minimum of 10 puisne judges; it is divided into civil, criminal, family, employment, and tax divisions)
subordinate courts
Magistrates' Court (structured into divisions for civil, criminal, juvenile, and small claims cases)
judge selection and term of office
the chief justice is appointed by the president of Fiji based on the prime minister's recommendation after consulting with the parliamentary leader of the opposition; judges for the Supreme Court, the president of the Court of Appeal, justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court are appointed by the president of Fiji upon the recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission, with input from the cabinet minister and the House of Representatives committee responsible for justice administration; the chief justice, Supreme Court judges, and justices of Appeal typically must retire at age 70, although this requirement may be waived for certain court sessions; puisne judges are appointed for terms of no less than 4 years and no more than 7 years, with mandatory retirement at age 65.
Executive branch
cabinet
Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among members of Parliament and is responsible to Parliament
chief of state
President Ratu Naiqama LALABALAVU (since 12 November 2024)
election results
2024: Ratu Naiqama LALABALAVU won the presidency (People's Alliance) with 35 votes, while Meli Tora TAVAIQIA (Fiji First) received 14 votes.
2021: Ratu Wiliame KATONIVERE was elected president with Wiliame KATONIVERE (People's Alliance) garnering 28 votes and Teimumu KEPA (SODELPA) receiving 23 votes.
head of government
Prime Minister Sitiveni Ligamamada RABUKA (since 24 December 2022)
most recent election date
31 October 2024
election/appointment process
the president is elected by Parliament for a 3-year term and is eligible for a second term; the prime minister is appointed with the president's endorsement.
expected date of next election
2027
National holiday
Fiji (Independence) Day, 10 October (1970)
National color(s)
light blue
National heritage
total World Heritage Sites
1 (cultural)
selected World Heritage Site locales
Levuka Historical Port Town
Political parties
Fiji First
Fiji Labor Party or FLP
Freedom Alliance (formerly Fiji United Freedom Party or FUFP)
National Federation Party or NFP
People's Alliance
Peoples Democratic Party or PDP
Social Democratic Liberal Party or SODELPA
Unity Fiji
Legislative branch
term in office
4 years
number of seats
55 (all directly elected)
electoral system
proportional representation
legislature name
Parliament
scope of elections
full renewal
legislative structure
unicameral
most recent election date
12/14/2022
expected date of next election
December 2026
percentage of women in chamber
9.1%
parties elected and seats per party
FijiFirst (26); People's Alliance (21); National Federation Party (NFP) (5); Social Democratic Liberal Party (Sodelpa) (3)
National anthem(s)
title
"God Bless Fiji" (Let Us Show Pride)
history
adopted in 1970; referred to in Fijian as "Meda Dau Doka" (Let Us Show Pride); adapted from the hymn "Dwelling in Beulah Land," with the English lyrics typically used, which differ in meaning from the official Fijian lyrics.
lyrics/music
Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT/C. Austin MILES (adapted by Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT)
National symbol(s)
Fijian canoe
Administrative divisions
14 provinces and 1 dependency*; Ba, Bua, Cakaudrove, Kadavu, Lau, Lomaiviti, Macuata, Nadroga and Navosa, Naitasiri, Namosi, Ra, Rewa, Rotuma*, Serua, Tailevu
Diplomatic representation in the US
FAX
[1] (202) 466-8325
chancery
1707 L Street NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036
telephone
[1] (917) 208-4560
chief of mission
Ambassador Ilisoni VUIDREKETI (since 17 June 2024)
email address and website
[email protected]
https://www.fijiembassydc.com/
Diplomatic representation from the US
FAX
[679] 330-2267
embassy
158 Princes Road, Tamavua, Suva
telephone
[679] 331-4466
mailing address
4290 Suva Place, Washington DC 20521-4290
chief of mission
Ambassador Marie DAMOUR (since 24 November 2022); also accredited to Kiribati, Nauru, Tonga, and Tuvalu
email address and website
[email protected]
https://fj.usembassy.gov/
International organization participation
ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, CP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OPCW, PCA, PIF, Sparteca (suspended), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
International law organization participation
has not issued a declaration regarding ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction.
Economy
Budget
revenues
$1.345 billion (2023 est.)
expenditures
$1.562 billion (2023 est.)
Exports
Exports 2020
$1.23 billion (2020 est.)
Exports 2021
$1.171 billion (2021 est.)
Exports 2022
$2.376 billion (2022 est.)
Imports
Imports 2020
$1.977 billion (2020 est.)
Imports 2021
$2.344 billion (2021 est.)
Imports 2022
$3.434 billion (2022 est.)
Industries
tourism, sugar refining, apparel, copra, gold, silver, timber
Labor force
387,800 (2024 est.)
Public debt
Public debt 2016
47.5% of GDP (2016 est.)
Remittances
Remittances 2021
9.1% of GDP (2021 est.)
Remittances 2022
9.2% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023
9.2% of GDP (2023 est.)
Exchange rates
Currency
Fijian dollars (FJD) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020
2.169 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021
2.071 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022
2.201 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023
2.25 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024
2.268 (2024 est.)
Debt - external
Debt - external 2023
$1.397 billion (2023 est.)
Economic overview
upper-middle income, tourism-reliant Pacific island economy; vulnerable to rising sea levels; significant investments needed in energy and infrastructure; tourism recovery following the pandemic; improved debt position; limited labor force
Unemployment rate
Unemployment rate 2022
4.5% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023
4.4% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024
4.4% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
USA 32%, Australia 12%, Tonga 6%, NZ 6%, Samoa 4% (2023)
Imports - partners
Singapore 25%, China 16%, Australia 15%, NZ 14%, USA 5% (2023)
Real GDP per capita
Real GDP per capita 2022
$12,800 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023
$13,700 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2024
$14,100 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
Real GDP growth rate 2022
19.8% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023
7.5% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2024
3.8% (2024 est.)
Agricultural products
sugarcane, cassava, taro, vegetables, chicken, coconuts, eggs, ginger, milk, sweet potatoes (2023)
Exports - commodities
water, fish, raw sugar, refined petroleum, garments (2023)
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, medical devices, automobiles, broadcasting equipment, plastics (2023)
Current account balance
Current account balance 2020
-$614.13 million (2020 est.)
Current account balance 2021
-$686.577 million (2021 est.)
Current account balance 2022
-$865.665 million (2022 est.)
Taxes and other revenues
20.7% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate)
$5.841 billion (2024 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption
71.7% (2023 est.)
government consumption
20.8% (2023 est.)
investment in inventories
1.2% (2023 est.)
investment in fixed capital
18.6% (2023 est.)
exports of goods and services
57% (2023 est.)
imports of goods and services
-69.2% (2023 est.)
Population below poverty line
24.1% (2019 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
4.3% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
2.3% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
4.5% (2024 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
7.3% (2024 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$11.734 billion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$12.617 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$13.1 billion (2024 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
male
11.8% (2024 est.)
total
15.5% (2024 est.)
female
22.5% (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$1.557 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$1.548 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$1.6 billion (2024 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
industry
14.1% (2024 est.)
services
56.2% (2024 est.)
agriculture
8.4% (2024 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share
lowest 10%
3.5% (2019 est.)
highest 10%
24.2% (2019 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2019
30.7 (2019 est.)
Energy
Coal
imports
2 metric tons (2022 est.)
consumption
6 metric tons (2023 est.)
Petroleum
refined petroleum consumption
10,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Electricity
consumption
1.048 billion kWh (2023 est.)
installed generating capacity
427,000 kW (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses
102.047 million kWh (2023 est.)
Electricity access
electrification - rural areas
86.8%
electrification - urban areas
97.6%
electrification - total population
92% (2022 est.)
Energy consumption per capita
Total energy consumption per capita 2023
25.375 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Electricity generation sources
wind
0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
solar
1.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
fossil fuels
36.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
hydroelectricity
52.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
biomass and waste
10% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Communications
Internet users
percent of population
79% (2023 est.)
Broadcast media
Fiji TV, which is listed on the stock market, runs a free-to-air television channel. Digicel Fiji manages the multi-channel pay-TV services known as Sky Fiji and Sky Pacific. The state-owned entity, Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Ltd, operates six radio stations, comprising two public broadcasters and four commercial broadcasters, along with several repeaters. Communications Fiji, Ltd oversees five radio stations that also utilize repeaters. Additionally, broadcasts from various international broadcasters are accessible.
Internet country code
.fj
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions
49,000 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
4 (2022 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions
5.33 million (2024 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
574 (2024 est.)
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total
23,000 (2022 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
3 (2022 est.)
Transportation
Ports
large
0
small
2
medium
0
key ports
Lautoka Harbor, Levuka, Malai, Savusavu Bay, Suva Harbor
very small
3
total ports
5 (2024)
ports with oil terminals
4
Airports
26 (2025)
Railways
total
597 km (2008)
narrow gauge
597 km (2008) 0.600-m gauge
Heliports
2 (2025)
Merchant marine
total
74 (2023)
by type
general cargo 21, oil tanker 4, other 49
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
DQ
Military & Security
Military - note
The Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF) are tasked with ensuring external security but may also be given certain domestic security duties under particular conditions; historically, the RFMF has engaged in the political affairs of the nation and maintains considerable political influence; furthermore, it has a longstanding involvement in United Nations peacekeeping missions, which have served as both a training ground and a financial resource; since its initial deployment of personnel to South Lebanon in 1978, Fiji has contributed troops to nearly 20 such missions.
Fiji has established a "shiprider" agreement with the United States, permitting local maritime law enforcement officials to board US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, which includes the authority to inspect and search ships suspected of breaching laws or regulations within Fiji's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or in international waters; these "shiprider" agreements also facilitate collaboration between USCG personnel and USN vessels with USCG law enforcement members aboard, working alongside host nations to safeguard vital regional resources (2025).
Military deployments
170 Egypt (MFO); 160 Iraq (UNAMI); 150 Golan Heights (UNDOF) (2025)
Military expenditures
Military Expenditures 2020
1.4% of GDP (2020 est.)
Military Expenditures 2021
1.5% of GDP (2021 est.)
Military Expenditures 2022
1.2% of GDP (2022 est.)
Military Expenditures 2023
1.1% of GDP (2023 est.)
Military Expenditures 2024
1.4% of GDP (2024 est.)
Military and security forces
Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF): Land Force, Republic of Fiji Navy (2025)
Military service age and obligation
18-25 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (2026)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
The RFMF is equipped with light arms and gear; Australia has supplied patrol boats and a limited number of armored personnel carriers; additionally, it offers logistical assistance for RFMF operations at the regional level or under UN auspices; in recent years, both China and the United States have contributed small quantities of equipment (2025).
Military and security service personnel strengths
Approximately 4,000 active personnel in the Republic of Fiji Military Forces (2025).
Transnational Issues
Trafficking in persons
tier rating
Tier 2 Watch List — the authorities did not show significant improvements in their efforts to combat trafficking when compared to the prior reporting period, resulting in Fiji staying on the Tier 2 Watch List for the second year in a row; for additional information, visit: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/fiji/
Refugees and internally displaced persons
IDPs
259 (2024 est.)
refugees
25 (2024 est.)
