Economy
Mali
Budget
revenues
$2.841 billion (2020 est.)
expenditures
$3.563 billion (2020 est.)
Exports
Exports 2021
$5.381 billion (2021 est.)
Exports 2022
$5.855 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2023
$6.13 billion (2023 est.)
Imports
Imports 2021
$7.596 billion (2021 est.)
Imports 2022
$7.942 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2023
$8.066 billion (2023 est.)
Industries
food processing; construction; mining of phosphate and gold
Labor force
9.126 million (2024 est.)
Public debt
Public debt 2016
36% of GDP (2016 est.)
Remittances
Remittances 2021
4.9% of GDP (2021 est.)
Remittances 2022
4.9% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023
4.2% of GDP (2023 est.)
Exchange rates
Currency
Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020
575.586 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021
554.531 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022
623.76 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023
606.57 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024
606.345 (2024 est.)
Debt - external
Debt - external 2023
$4.085 billion (2023 est.)
Economic overview
economy of low-income Saharan region; economic downturn due to COVID-19 and political unrest; severe poverty; environmentally vulnerable; significant public debt; exporter of agricultural products and gold; prevalence of terrorism and conflict
Unemployment rate
Unemployment rate 2022
2.4% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023
3% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024
3.1% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
UAE 73%, Switzerland 15%, Australia 5%, China 1%, Uganda 1% (2023)
Imports - partners
Cote d'Ivoire 25%, Senegal 19%, China 12%, France 5%, Burkina Faso 4% (2023)
Real GDP per capita
Real GDP per capita 2022
$2,800 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023
$2,900 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2024
$2,900 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
Real GDP growth rate 2022
3.5% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023
4.7% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2024
5% (2024 est.)
Agricultural products
maize, rice, millet, sorghum, onions, okra, sugarcane, cotton, mangoes/guavas, sweet potatoes (2023)
Exports - commodities
gold, cotton, oil seeds, fertilizers, gum resins (2023)
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, broadcasting equipment, cement, cotton fabric, plastic products (2023)
Current account balance
Current account balance 2021
-$1.469 billion (2021 est.)
Current account balance 2022
-$1.475 billion (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2023
-$1.61 billion (2023 est.)
Taxes and other revenues
12% (of GDP) (2020 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate)
$26.588 billion (2024 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption
71.9% (2024 est.)
government consumption
13.1% (2024 est.)
investment in inventories
-0.7% (2024 est.)
investment in fixed capital
21.6% (2024 est.)
exports of goods and services
22.5% (2024 est.)
imports of goods and services
-28.4% (2024 est.)
Population below poverty line
44.6% (2021 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
9.6% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
2.1% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
3.2% (2024 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
-2.4% (2024 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$64.8 billion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$67.857 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$71.253 billion (2024 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
male
4% (2024 est.)
total
4% (2024 est.)
female
3.9% (2024 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
industry
22.7% (2024 est.)
services
36.7% (2024 est.)
agriculture
33.4% (2024 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share
lowest 10%
3.2% (2021 est.)
highest 10%
28.3% (2021 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2021
35.7 (2021 est.)