Cuba — Communications Overview

Cuba's communications infrastructure presents a unique landscape characterized by government control and limited access for the general population. With 71% of the population estimated to have internet access as of 2023, many users face restrictions, as individuals not associated with the government require specific approval to purchase computers or use the internet. Despite these limitations, the mobile cellular market is relatively robust, with 8.01 million subscriptions recorded in 2024, equating to 73 subscriptions per 100 inhabitants. Fixed-line telephones, however, see lesser proliferation with 1.59 million subscriptions, translating to 15 per 100 inhabitants. The broadcasting media is entirely state-owned, featuring 8 national television channels and 7 national radio networks, although some independent online news outlets are tolerated. These factors illustrate the unique challenges and developments within Cuba's communication sector, providing a critical understanding of how the Cuban population interacts with media and technology.