Geography
Bahrain
Area
land
760 sq km
water
0 sq km
total
760 sq km
Climate
arid climate; winters that are mild and enjoyable; summers that are extremely hot and humid
Terrain
predominantly a low desert plain that gradually ascends to a low central escarpment
Land use
other
84.2% (2023 est.)
forest
4.3% (2023 est.)
agricultural land
10.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 2.6% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 2.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 5% (2023 est.)
Location
Middle East, an archipelago situated in the Persian Gulf, to the east of Saudi Arabia
Coastline
161 km
Elevation
lowest point
Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point
Jabal ad Dukhan 135 m
Irrigated land
40 sq km (2012)
Major aquifers
Arabian Aquifer System
Map references
Middle East
Land boundaries
total
0 km
Maritime claims
contiguous zone
24 nm
territorial sea
12 nm
continental shelf
extending to boundaries to be determined
Natural hazards
occasional droughts; occurrences of dust storms
Geography - note
proximity to key Middle Eastern oil reserves; a strategically significant position in the Persian Gulf, through which a substantial portion of the Western world's oil must pass to reach the open sea
Natural resources
petroleum, both associated and non-associated natural gas, seafood, and pearls
Area - comparative
3.5 times larger than Washington, D.C.
Geographic coordinates
26 00 N, 50 33 E
Population distribution
the smallest population among the Gulf States, yet with an urbanization rate surpassing 90%; the highest concentration of settlements is located at the far northern tip of the island, particularly in and around Manamah and Al Muharraq