Monaco Environment Overview
Climate
Mediterranean climate characterized by mild, moist winters and hot, arid summers
Land use
other
100% (2022 est.)
forest
0% (2022 est.)
agricultural land
0% (2022 est.)
agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 0% (2018 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 1% (2018 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 0% (2018 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
100% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
0.5% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually
46,000 tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled
5.4% (2012 est.)
Total water withdrawal
municipal
10 million cubic meters (2020 est.)
industrial
0 cubic meters (2017 est.)
agricultural
0 cubic meters (2017 est.)
Particulate matter emissions
9.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
International environmental agreements
party to
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified
none of the selected agreements