People & Society
Kyrgyzstan
Languages
Languages
Kyrgyz (state language) 71.4%, Uzbek 14.4%, Russian (official language) 9%, other 5.2% (2009 estimate)
major-language sample(s)
Дүйнөлүк фактылар китеби, негизги маалыматтын маанилүү булагы. (Kyrgyz)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Muslim 90% (predominantly Sunni), Christian 7% (including Russian Orthodox 3%), other 3% (comprising Jewish, Buddhist, Baha'i) (2017 estimate)
Sex ratio
at birth
1.07 male(s)/female
0-14 years
1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years
0.96 male(s)/female
total population
0.96 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
65 years and over
0.62 male(s)/female
Birth rate
18.26 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate
5.99 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Median age
male
26.9 years
total
28.6 years (2025 est.)
female
29.8 years
Population
male
3,043,940
total
6,219,751 (2025 est.)
female
3,175,811
Nationality
noun
Kyrgyzstani(s)
adjective
Kyrgyzstani
Tobacco use
male
50.7% (2025 est.)
total
26% (2025 est.)
female
3.1% (2025 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
37.8% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
2.05% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years
29.1% (male 922,086/female 873,245)
15-64 years
64% (male 1,935,200/female 2,013,733)
65 years and over
6.9% (2024 est.) (male 164,032/female 263,805)
Ethnic groups
Kyrgyz 73.8%, Uzbek 14.8%, Russian 5.1%, Dungan 1.1%, other 5.2% (includes Uyghur, Tajik, Turk, Kazakh, Tatar, Ukrainian, Korean, German) (2021 est.)
Child marriage
women married by age 15
0.3% (2018)
women married by age 18
12.9% (2018)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio
56 (2025 est.)
youth dependency ratio
44.6 (2025 est.)
potential support ratio
8.8 (2025 est.)
elderly dependency ratio
11.4 (2025 est.)
Physician density
1.85 physicians/1,000 population (2023)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP)
5.4% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget)
7.6% of national budget (2022 est.)
Net migration rate
-4.75 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Hospital bed density
4.2 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Total fertility rate
2.43 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Drinking water source
improved: rural
rural: 85.8% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 90.8% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 99.2% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 14.2% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 9.2% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 0.8% of population (2022 est.)
Education expenditure
Education expenditure (% GDP)
6.8% of GDP (2023 est.)
Education expenditure (% national budget)
19.6% national budget (2024 est.)
Infant mortality rate
male
28.6 deaths/1,000 live births
total
24 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
female
20.2 deaths/1,000 live births
Population growth rate
0.75% (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
1.18 (2025 est.)
Population distribution
A significant portion of the population in Kyrgyzstan resides in rural regions; the most densely populated area is in the northern part, particularly around the capital city of Bishkek, followed by Osh in the west; the eastern region, characterized by the Tien Shan mountains, has the lowest population density.
Life expectancy at birth
male
68.9 years
female
77.2 years
total population
72.9 years (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
42 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Sanitation facility access
improved: rural
rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total
total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: urban
urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural
rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total
total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban
urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
beer
0.43 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine
0.23 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
total
4.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits
3.35 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols
0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Major urban areas - population
1.105 million BISHKEK (capital) (2023)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
16.6% (2016)
Mother's mean age at first birth
22.6 years (2019 est.)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
57.4% (2023 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
2.9% (2023 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
male
12 years (2024 est.)
total
13 years (2024 est.)
female
13 years (2024 est.)