Environment
Kyrgyzstan
Climate
The climate ranges from dry continental to polar in the elevated regions of the Tien Shan Mountains; subtropical conditions are found in the southwest (Fergana Valley); and temperate weather prevails in the northern foothill area.
Land use
other
39.4% (2023 est.)
forest
6.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land
54% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 6.7% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 0.4% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 46.9% (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
37.8% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
2.05% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually
1.113 million tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled
14.6% (2022 est.)
Environmental issues
Issues include water contamination; rising soil salinity resulting from irrigation methods; and air pollution attributed to vehicular emissions.
Total water withdrawal
municipal
224 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
industrial
336 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
agricultural
7.1 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions
total emissions
11.389 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from consumed natural gas
854,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from coal and metallurgical coke
6.301 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids
4.234 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Particulate matter emissions
40.9 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Total renewable water resources
23.618 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
International environmental agreements
party to
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified
none of the selected agreements