Environment
Kosovo
Climate
The climate is shaped by continental air masses, leading to chilly winters characterized by significant snowfall, as well as hot and arid summers and autumns. The regional diversity is further enhanced by Mediterranean and alpine influences, with peak precipitation occurring from October to December.
Land use
other
5.5% (2018 est.)
forest
41.7% (2018 est.)
agricultural land
52.8% (2018 est.)
agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 27.4% (2018 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 1.9% (2018 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 23.5% (2018 est.)
Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually
319,000 tons (2024 est.)
Environmental issues
Environmental issues include air pollution originating from power generation facilities and lignite mining, alongside challenges of water scarcity and contamination, as well as land degradation.
Carbon dioxide emissions
total emissions
7.444 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from coal and metallurgical coke
5.005 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids
2.439 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)