Economy
Tunisia
Budget
revenues
$10.866 billion (2019 est.)
expenditures
$12.375 billion (2019 est.)
Exports
Exports 2021
$14.054 billion (2021 est.)
Exports 2022
$17.254 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2023
$19.732 billion (2023 est.)
Imports
Imports 2021
$18.178 billion (2021 est.)
Imports 2022
$22.453 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2023
$21.953 billion (2023 est.)
Industries
petroleum, mining (notably phosphate and iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages
Labor force
4.247 million (2024 est.)
Public debt
Public debt 2016
62.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
Remittances
Remittances 2021
6.3% of GDP (2021 est.)
Remittances 2022
6.2% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023
6% of GDP (2023 est.)
Exchange rates
Currency
Tunisian dinars (TND) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020
2.812 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021
2.794 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022
3.104 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023
3.106 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024
3.107 (2024 est.)
Debt - external
Debt - external 2023
$21.212 billion (2023 est.)
Economic overview
a North African economy classified as lower middle-income; engaging in reforms aimed at attracting foreign lenders; facing high unemployment rates, particularly among youth and women; significantly impacted by COVID-19; characterized by elevated public sector salaries; substantial public debt; implementation of protectionist austerity policies; a significant trading partner with the EU
Unemployment rate
Unemployment rate 2022
15.3% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023
15.2% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024
16.3% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
France 22%, Italy 17%, Germany 13%, USA 4%, Libya 4% (2023)
Imports - partners
Italy 13%, France 12%, China 10%, Russia 8%, Germany 7% (2023)
Real GDP per capita
Real GDP per capita 2022
$12,700 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023
$12,600 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2024
$12,700 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
Real GDP growth rate 2022
2.7% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023
0% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2024
1.4% (2024 est.)
Agricultural products
milk, tomatoes, olives, onions, chillies/peppers, watermelons, potatoes, wheat, dates, oranges (2023)
Exports - commodities
garments, insulated wire, olive oil, refined petroleum, crude petroleum (2023)
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, natural gas, plastic products, cars, plastics (2023)
Current account balance
Current account balance 2021
-$2.77 billion (2021 est.)
Current account balance 2022
-$3.969 billion (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2023
-$1.111 billion (2023 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate)
$53.41 billion (2024 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption
76.2% (2024 est.)
government consumption
18.6% (2024 est.)
investment in inventories
0% (2024 est.)
investment in fixed capital
13.4% (2024 est.)
exports of goods and services
48.4% (2024 est.)
imports of goods and services
-56.6% (2024 est.)
Population below poverty line
16.6% (2021 est.)
Average household expenditures
on food
22.3% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
on alcohol and tobacco
3.3% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022
8.3% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023
9.3% (2023 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2024
7.2% (2024 est.)
Industrial production growth rate
-2.5% (2024 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022
$153.945 billion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023
$154.006 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024
$156.086 billion (2024 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
male
41.1% (2024 est.)
total
40.1% (2024 est.)
female
37.6% (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022
$8.094 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023
$9.24 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024
$9.344 billion (2024 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
industry
23.6% (2023 est.)
services
62.1% (2023 est.)
agriculture
9.3% (2023 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share
lowest 10%
3.1% (2021 est.)
highest 10%
27% (2021 est.)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2021
33.7 (2021 est.)