Environment
Gabon
Climate
tropical; consistently warm and humid
Land use
other
0.2% (2023 est.)
forest
91.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land
8.4% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 1.3% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 0.7% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 6.4% (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
91% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
2.27% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Methane emissions
other
5.4 kt (2019-2021 est.)
waste
18.6 kt (2019-2021 est.)
energy
272.4 kt (2022-2024 est.)
agriculture
4.9 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually
238,100 tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled
22.4% (2022 est.)
Environmental issues
deforestation due to logging activities; waste management issues; water contamination from the oil sector; illegal wildlife hunting
Total water withdrawal
municipal
84.7 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
industrial
14.1 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
agricultural
40.3 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions
total emissions
3.144 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from consumed natural gas
908,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from coal and metallurgical coke
230,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids
2.005 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Particulate matter emissions
29.6 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Total renewable water resources
166 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
International environmental agreements
party to
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified
none of the selected agreements