$2.684 trillion (2022 est.) note: revenues of the central government (excluding grants) converted to US dollars using the average official exchange rate for the specified year
expenditures
$4.893 trillion (2019 est.)
Exports
Exports 2022
$3.719 trillion (2022 est.)
Exports 2023
$3.508 trillion (2023 est.)
Exports 2024
$3.793 trillion (2024 est.)
Imports
Imports 2022
$3.142 trillion (2022 est.)
Imports 2023
$3.122 trillion (2023 est.)
Imports 2024
$3.254 trillion (2024 est.)
Industries
global leader in gross industrial output value; sectors include mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and other metals, coal; machinery manufacturing; defense production; textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer goods (comprising footwear, toys, and electronics); food processing; transportation machinery, including cars, railcars and locomotives, ships, and aircraft; telecommunications devices, commercial space launch systems, satellites
Labor force
773.88 million (2024 est.)
Public debt
Public debt 2017
47% of GDP (2017 est.)
Remittances
Remittances 2022
0.1% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023
0.2% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2024
0.2% of GDP (2024 est.)
Exchange rates
Currency
Renminbi yuan (RMB) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020
6.901 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021
6.449 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022
6.737 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023
7.084 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024
7.197 (2024 est.)
Debt - external
Debt - external 2023
$488.114 billion (2023 est.)
Economic overview
the world’s second-largest economy in terms of nominal GDP; leading the globe in exports and manufacturing; historically robust growth is now decelerating; facing issues such as an aging workforce, low productivity, rising youth unemployment, a struggling real estate market, and public debt; characterized by state-driven economic regulations and substantial infrastructure initiatives
Unemployment rate
Unemployment rate 2022
5% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023
4.7% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024
4.6% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
USA 13%, Hong Kong 8%, Japan 5%, Germany 5%, S. Korea 4% (2023)
Imports - partners
S. Korea 7%, USA 7%, Japan 6%, Australia 6%, Russia 6% (2023)