Environment
Angola
Climate
the southern and coastal regions near Luanda are characterized as semiarid; in the northern areas, there exists a cool, dry period from May to October, followed by a hot, rainy season spanning November to April
Land use
other
11.5% (2023 est.)
forest
51.6% (2023 est.)
agricultural land
36.9% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land
arable land: 4.3% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops
permanent crops: 0.3% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture
permanent pasture: 32.4% (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population
68.7% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization
4.04% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Methane emissions
other
78.5 kt (2019-2021 est.)
waste
123 kt (2019-2021 est.)
energy
1,009.1 kt (2022-2024 est.)
agriculture
374.5 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually
4.214 million tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled
19% (2022 est.)
Environmental issues
excessive grazing leading to soil erosion; desertification; the tropical rainforest is being depleted due to global timber demand and local fuel needs; a decline in biodiversity; soil erosion exacerbating water pollution and sedimentation in rivers and reservoirs; insufficient availability of clean drinking water
Total water withdrawal
municipal
319.5 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
industrial
239.6 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
agricultural
146.7 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions
total emissions
19.66 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from consumed natural gas
2.441 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from coal and metallurgical coke
9,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids
17.21 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Particulate matter emissions
27.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Total renewable water resources
148.4 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
International environmental agreements
party to
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified
none of the selected agreements